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Category name clash

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Test with enclosures

Here's an mp3 file that was uploaded as an attachment: Juan Manuel Fangio by Yue And here's a link to an external mp3 file: Acclimate by General Fuzz Both are CC licensed. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Quisque sed felis. Aliquam sit amet felis. Mauris semper, velit semper laoreet dictum, ...

Block quotes

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Contributor post, approved

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Gratitude

Posted by edwin_naufaldi - - 0 komentar

We say "thank you" when people give us something, give a compliment, wish us something, etc.

Expressing Gratitude:
  • I should like to express my gratitude
  • Thank you very much
  • Thank for your help
  • How can I thank you?
  • I'm very grateful to you
  • I can't thank you enough
  • I'm very much obliged to you
Responding:
  • It was the least I could do
  • You're welcome
  • No big deal
  • Don't metion it
  • It's a pleasure
  • That's all right
  • Any time
Compliment is expression that used to give praising to other people.
Some people use compliment to better up some dayor to flatter in order to increasegood will.

Expression Compliment:
  • Good grades!
  • Excellent!
  • Nice work!
  • Good job!
  • What a nice dress!
  • You look great!
  • You look very nice!
  • You look beautiful!
  • You look handsome!
  • I really must expressmy admiiration for your dance
Congratulation is expression that used to said congratulate to someone when get a success.

Expression Congratulation:
  • Conratulation on your success
  • I must congratulate you
  • Congrats! Finally, your dream comes true!
  • Please accept mywarmest congratulations
  • I'd like to be first to congratulate you
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Surprise and Disbelief

Posted by edwin_naufaldi - - 0 komentar

Definition
Surprises and disbelief is an expression that we show/say when know/hear/see something that rather difficult to believe.

Expressing Surprise:
  • Wow! What a surprise!
  • That's a surprise!
  • That's very surprising!
  • Really?
  • What?
  • Are you serious? You must be joking!
  • You're kidding!
  • Fancy that!
  • I must say it surprise me
  • I find it hard to believe
Responding:
  • Yeah!
  • It is
  • Yup!
  • Sure
  • It's true
  • I'm serious
  • No, I'm not
  • Does it?
  • It is, isn't it?
When you got surprising fact, you can say:
  • Do you know what?
  • Believe it or not?
  • You may not believe it, but.....
  • Can you believe this?
Example of Surprise:
Rensi: Whose car is that?
Yeyen: It's Tami
Rensi: Are you kidding me?
Yeyen: No, I'm not. I saw her riding that car this morning
Rensi: What's surprise!

Expressing Disbelief:
  • I don't believe it
  • It can't be true
  • I can't think of it
  • I don't trust you
Example of Disbelief:
Tetty: I heard the news about tiren. What is tiren, Diana?
Diana: "Tiren" stand for "mati kemarin". It is chicken meat taken from a dead chicken. In other word, it is a corpse.
Tetty: I can't believe this! How can people sell such chicken meat?
Diana: Some say, they want to get more bucks of money.
Tetty: I don't think they should do it. They cheat the buyers.
Diana: More than that. They harm the buyers.
Tetty: That's right!
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INVITATION

Posted by edwin_naufaldi - - 0 komentar

Inviting Someone:
  • I'd like to invite youto have dinner this saturday.
  • I'd like to invite you to a party next friday
  • I was wondering if you'd like to......
  • Would you like to....?
  • Will you come to....?
Accepting an Invitation:
  • I'd love to
  • That would be wonderful
  • Yes, thank you. What time?
  • Thanks. I'd love to
  • That would be great, thanks
Declining an Invitation:
  • I'm awfully sorry, I have other plans
  • I wish I could, but....
  • I'd really to, but.....
  • Sorry. I've already made plans for saturday
  • I would love to, but I .....
Example:
Roni: Hi, Vito. Tomorrow Dani and I are going to Depok Beach. Do you want to join?
Vito: Oh, sorry, but I'm not really interested in beaches. Er....by the way I'll be at my grandmother's house in Yogya. Please drop by.
Roni: Um...I'd love to. Thanks.
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Asking for Information

Posted by edwin_naufaldi - - 0 komentar

There are a number of formulas when asking for information:
  • Could you tell me...?
  • Do you know...?
  • Do you happen to know....?
  • I'd like to know...
  • Could you find out...?
  • I'm interested in...
  • I'm looking for...
  • Could you give me some information about...
  • Is it true that...
  • Have you got an idea of...
These two forms are used for asking information on the telephone:
  • I'm calling to find out...
  • I'm calling about...
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Modals In The Past Form

Posted by edwin_naufaldi - - 0 komentar

When do we use modals?
  1. To talk about someone's ability (or inability) to do something
    Example: "We can find your house without the street plan."
    "She can't have a daughter that old!"
  2. To talk about an action that is necessary (or impossible, or not necessary)
    Example: "You must always have your driver's licence when you are driving your car."
    "You needn't carry your passport around with you."
  3. To talk about a situation that is possible (or impossible)
Example:"Do be careful with that glass, the baby might knock it over"
Modals in the Past Form
can't have
certainty
e.g. I can't have lost my keys! (I'm sure I didn't)

could
 permission
e.g. When I was a teenager, I could go out as late as I wanted.

general ability
e.g. Tom could walk by the age of 8 months.

could have
 possibility, but did not happen
e.g. I could have passed my driving test if I'd really tried.

uncertainty
e.g. I guess it could have been Sandra on the phone.

couldn't
 permission
e.g. When I was a teenager, I couldn't stay out as late as I wanted.

general ability
e.g. I couldn't walk until I was 2.

ability in a particular situation e.g. I tried hard but I couldn't persuade him to go to the party with us.

couldn't have possibility/ability e.g. I couldn't possibly have passed my driving test, even if I'd tried harder.

uncertainty
e.g. It couldn't have been Sandra on the phone, could it?

with comparative adjectives e.g. I couldn't have asked for better weather on my wedding day.

unwillingness
e.g. I couldn't have left the dog in the car for long (so I didn't).

didn’t need to
unnecessary action not done
e.g. As I was alone this weekend, I didn't need to do any cooking (so I didn't).

had to
obligation (past form of must)
e.g. I couldn't go out last night because I had to do my homework.

may have
uncertainty
e.g. I guess I may have been a bit hard on her when she came home an hour late.

may not have
uncertainty
e.g. He may not have found out yet that he has passed the test.

might have possibility (didn't happen)
e.g. You might have been killed!
uncertainty e.g. I guess I might have been a bit hard on her when she came home an hour late.
annoyance at someone's failure to do something e.g. You might have told me that you had invited all your colleagues round for dinner!
might have known + would (idiom to ironically express that somebody's action was typical)
e.g. I might have known that he would finish with me as soon as he found out I wasn't wealthy!

might not have
uncertainty
e.g. He may not have found out yet that he has passed the test.

must have
 certainty
e.g. He must have known how much it was going to cost. (I'm sure he knew.)
with surely in exclamations
e.g. Surely he must have known how much it was going to cost!

needn't have
 unnecessary action that was actually done
e.g. Oh, you needn't have done the washing up!

ought not to have
criticism (more common is shouldn't have)
e.g. You ought not to have been so frank with him.

ought to have
expectation (should have is more common)
Why is she late? She ought to have arrived by now!

should have
expectation
Why is she late? She should have arrived by now!
should have + verbs of thinking
e.g. I should have thought you knew.
with be and adjectives, describing chance e.g. It was weird that you should have been staying in the same hostel last month.
criticism (you didn't do something, but it would have been the right thing to do)
e.g. The party was such fun last night! You should have come!

shouldn't have
criticism
e.g. You shouldn't have been so frank with him.
polite expression of thanks on receiving a gift or favour
"Here's a bottle of wine for you"
"Oh, you really shouldn't have!"

would have
 events in the past that did not happen
e.g. I wouldn't have gone out with him, but he didn't ask me.
assumptions e.g. Oh, that would have been Sarah on the phone just now.

would not unwillingness
e.g. I asked Tom to close the window, but he wouldn't do it.


PRESENT FORM
PAST FORM
can
could
may
might
will
would
shall
should
must
-
ought to
-
need
-
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NARRATIVE TEXT

Posted by edwin_naufaldi - - 0 komentar

Definition
Narrative is an imagine story. It's purpose is to entertain or amuse the listeners or readers.

Structure of the text:
  1. Orientation
  2. Complication
  3. Resolution
  4. Re-Orientation (Optional)
Language Features:
  • Focus on specific prticipants
  • Use of past tense
  • Use of temporal conjuction and temporal circumstances
  • Use of material proccesses

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Dirrect and Indirrect Speech

Posted by edwin_naufaldi - - 0 komentar

Definition
Dirrect speech refer to reproducing another person's exact words or saying exactly what someone has said.

Indirrect speech refer to reproducing the idea of another person words that doesn't use quotation marks to enclose what the person said and it doesn't have to be word for word.

Here a the backshift of tenses:
 FROM TO
Simple Present Simple Past
Simple Past
Present Perfect Past Perfect
Past Perfect
Will Would
am/is/are was/were
Was/were
has been Had been
had been

Time Signal:
Dirrect Speech Indirrect Speech
Now Then
Today That day/that night
Yesterday The day before/The previous day
Tomorrow The next day/following day
Last week The previous week
Next week The following week
A year A year before

There are three kinds of dirrect and indirrect speech:
  1. Statement
  • Dirrect speech (Present Tense): The students go to the library once a day
  • Indirrect speech (Past Tense): The students went to the library once day
  • Dirrect speech (Present Countinous Tense): The students are reading books now
  • Indirrect speech (Past Countinous Tense): The students were reading books then
  • Dirrect speech (Past Tense): The students borrowed books last week
  • Indirrect speech (Past Perfect Tense): The students had borrowed books the previous week
  • Dirrect speech (Present Perfect Tense): The students have returned the books
  • Indirrect speech (Past Perfect Tense): The students had returned the books
  • Dirrect speech (Future Tense): The students will borrow novels tomorrow
  • Indirrrect speech (Future Tense): The students would borrow novels the following day
  • Dirrect speech: The girls say, "We like reading een magazines."
  • Indirrect speech: The girls say that they like reading teen magazines.
  • Dirrect speech: Woody says,"I am on my way home."
  • Indirrect speech: Woody says that he is on his way home.
  • Dirrect speech: Riana says, " I can do this myself."
  • Indirrect speech: Riana says that she can do that herself.
2. Question
  • Dirrect speech: Peter asked me,"Do you play football?"
  • Indirrect speech: Peter asked me whether I played football.
  • Dirrect speech: Peter asked me,"When do you play football?"
  • Indirrect speech: Peter asked me when I play football.
3. Command
  • Dirrect speech: Mother said to me, "Turn off the TV and preapare yourself."
  • Inddirect speech: Mother told me to turn off the TV an preapare myself.
  • Dirrect speech: Nollan said to me, "Don't go anywhere after tou have done our homework."
  • Indirrect speech: Nollan told me not to go anywhere after I had done my homework.
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